We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, to establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity,

Caption title. William Livingston's copy of the second draft of the United States Constitution, with his manuscript annotations showing changes that appear in the final version. William Livingston was Governor of New Jersey from 1776 to 1790. He joined the New Jersey Delegation to the 1787 Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, and was one of the signers of the Constitution.